- A.Growing by selling more existing products to existing markets — through frequency, share, and competitor displacement. ✓
- B.A 2x2 grid of internal Strengths and Weaknesses crossed with external Opportunities and Threats — used to frame strategic options before recommending action.
- C.Porter's decomposition of a firm into nine activities — five primary, four support — used to identify sources of cost advantage or differentiation.
- D.Growing by selling more existing products to existing markets — through frequency, share, and competitor displacement.
Market Penetration Strategy is growing by selling more existing products to existing markets — through frequency, share, and competitor displacement. The other options describe related but distinct concepts in Strategic Frameworks — see the deep-dive guide for the full distinction.
How to think about questions like this
Existing customers are the cheapest source of growth. Questions like this test whether you can distinguish Market Penetration Strategy from neighboring concepts. The most common trap is choosing a closely-related concept that sounds similar but applies in a different context.
When you see a definition question on an exam, do two things: (1) translate the question into your own words, then (2) generate the answer in your own words before reading the options. This avoids the cognitive bias of recognizing a familiar phrase as correct just because it is familiar.