- A.Applying SWOT inside an organization to assess internal capabilities — culture, talent, processes, technology, leadership — that constrain or enable strategy.
- B.Herzberg distinguished hygiene factors (cause dissatisfaction if absent) from motivators (cause satisfaction if present) — the two operate independently.
- C.Two project methodologies — Agile (iterative, adaptive) vs Waterfall (sequential, plan-driven) — appropriate to different problem types. ✓
- D.Two project methodologies — Agile (iterative, adaptive) vs Waterfall (sequential, plan-driven) — appropriate to different problem types.
Agile vs Waterfall is two project methodologies — Agile (iterative, adaptive) vs Waterfall (sequential, plan-driven) — appropriate to different problem types. The other options describe related but distinct concepts in Management & Organization — see the deep-dive guide for the full distinction.
How to think about questions like this
Each is appropriate to different problem types. Questions like this test whether you can distinguish Agile vs Waterfall from neighboring concepts. The most common trap is choosing a closely-related concept that sounds similar but applies in a different context.
When you see a definition question on an exam, do two things: (1) translate the question into your own words, then (2) generate the answer in your own words before reading the options. This avoids the cognitive bias of recognizing a familiar phrase as correct just because it is familiar.