- A.Kurt Lewin's three-stage model — Unfreeze, Change, Refreeze — the foundational framework for organizational change management. ✓
- B.Applying SWOT inside an organization to assess internal capabilities — culture, talent, processes, technology, leadership — that constrain or enable strategy.
- C.The classic constraint triangle — Scope, Time, Cost — where increasing one or two requires sacrificing the third (or quality at the center).
- D.Kurt Lewin's three-stage model — Unfreeze, Change, Refreeze — the foundational framework for organizational change management.
Lewin's 3-Step Change Model is kurt Lewin's three-stage model — Unfreeze, Change, Refreeze — the foundational framework for organizational change management. The other options describe related but distinct concepts in Management & Organization — see the deep-dive guide for the full distinction.
How to think about questions like this
The simplest and most-cited model in change management. Questions like this test whether you can distinguish Lewin's 3-Step Change Model from neighboring concepts. The most common trap is choosing a closely-related concept that sounds similar but applies in a different context.
When you see a definition question on an exam, do two things: (1) translate the question into your own words, then (2) generate the answer in your own words before reading the options. This avoids the cognitive bias of recognizing a familiar phrase as correct just because it is familiar.